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A qualitative examination of perceived barriers and facilitators of physical activity for urban and rural youth
Urban and rural children and parents identify a number of barriers and facilitators to children's physical activity
Moore, J. B., Jilcott, S. B., Shores, K. A., Evenson, K. R., Brownson, R., Novick, L. F., (2010). A qualitative examination of perceived barriers and facilitators of physical activity for urban and rural youth. Health Education Research, 25(2),Exposure to public natural space as a protective factor for emotional well-being among young people in Canada
Mixed findings for the impact of exposure to public natural spaces on youths' emotional well-being
Huynh, Q., Craig, W., Janssen, I., Pickett, W., (2013). Exposure to public natural space as a protective factor for emotional well-being among young people in Canada. BMC Public Health, 13(407)Memories as useful outcomes of residential outdoor environmental education
Residential outdoor environmental education positively influences students' self-perception and environmental awareness
Liddicoat, K. R., Krasny, M. E., (2014). Memories as useful outcomes of residential outdoor environmental education. The Journal of Environmental Education, 45(3),Young people’s outdoor recreation and state park use: Perceived benefits from the parent/guardian perspective
Outdoor recreation is perceived as beneficial to children's mental and social development
Larson, L. R., Whiting, J. W., Green, G. T., (2013). Young people’s outdoor recreation and state park use: Perceived benefits from the parent/guardian perspective. Children, Youth and Environments, 23(3),Five days at outdoor education camp without screens improves preteen skills with nonverbal emotion cues
Screen-time significantly impacts adolescents' ability to assess face-to-face nonverbal social and emotional cues
Uhls, Y. T., Michikyan, M., Morris, J., Garcia, D., Small, G. W., Zgourou, E., Greenfield, P. M., (2014). Five days at outdoor education camp without screens improves preteen skills with nonverbal emotion cues. Computers in Human Behavior, 39,When green is white: The cultural politics of race, nature and social exclusion in a Los Angeles urban national park
Use and non-use of parks by people of color is influenced by cultural politics
Byrne, J., (2012). When green is white: The cultural politics of race, nature and social exclusion in a Los Angeles urban national park. Geoforum, 43(3),Frequency and rates of outdoor activities, and perceptions of places to perform these activities by Native Americans and Caucasians interviewed in Tennessee
Land management decisions should consider the varying outdoor activities and ecosystem values of different populations
Burger, J., Gochfeld, M., Pittfield, T., Marchioni, M., (2012). Frequency and rates of outdoor activities, and perceptions of places to perform these activities by Native Americans and Caucasians interviewed in Tennessee. EcoHealth, 9(4),Access to parks for youth as an environmental justice issue: Access inequalities and possible solutions
Young people in low-income and ethnically diverse neighborhoods of Denver have less access to play in natural areas
Rigolon, A., Flohr, T.L., (2014). Access to parks for youth as an environmental justice issue: Access inequalities and possible solutions. Buildings, 4(2),A natural experiment to examine the impact of park renewal on park-use and park-based physical activity in a disadvantaged neighbourhood: The REVAMP study methods
Park renovation may positively contribute to increased use and physical activity among visitors
Veitch, J., Salmon, J., Carver, A., Timperio, A., Crawford, D., Fletcher, E., Giles-Corti, B., (2014). A natural experiment to examine the impact of park renewal on park-use and park-based physical activity in a disadvantaged neighbourhood: The REVAMP study methods. BMC Public Health, 14(1),Time spent playing outdoors after school and its relationship with independent mobility: A cross-sectional survey of children aged 10-12 years in Sydney, Australia
Children's independent mobility influences their outdoor activity
Wen, L. M., Kite, J., Merom, D., Rissel, C., (2009). Time spent playing outdoors after school and its relationship with independent mobility: A cross-sectional survey of children aged 10-12 years in Sydney, Australia. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 6(15)Places to play: Association of park space and facilities with healthy weight status among children
Children with a park playground near their home are more likely to be of a healthy weight
Potwarka, L. R., Kaczynski, A. T., Flack, A. L., (2008). Places to play: Association of park space and facilities with healthy weight status among children. Journal of Community Health, 33(5),Neighborhood greenness and 2-year changes in Body Mass Index of children and youth
Children in greener neighborhoods have lower body weight changes
Bell, J. F., Wilson, J. S., Liu, G. C., (2008). Neighborhood greenness and 2-year changes in Body Mass Index of children and youth. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 35(6),How many species are there? Public understanding and awareness of biodiversity in Switzerland
Children and adults in Switzerland know little about biodiversity
Lindemann-Matthies, P., Bose, E., (2008). How many species are there? Public understanding and awareness of biodiversity in Switzerland. Human Ecology, 36(5),Neighborhood design and children's outdoor play: Evidence from Northern California
Certain neighborhood features influence parents' perceptions of safety and children's outdoor play
Handy, S., Cao, X., Mokhtarian, P., (2008). Neighborhood design and children's outdoor play: Evidence from Northern California. Children, Youth and Environments, 18(2),Impacts of natural disasters on chilldren
Children are disproportionately impacted by natural disasters
Kousky, C., (2016). Impacts of natural disasters on chilldren. The Future of Children, 26(1),The power of nature: Developing prosocial behavior toward nature and peers through nature-based activities
Children develop prosocial behavior through nature activities
Acar, I., Torquati, J., (2015). The power of nature: Developing prosocial behavior toward nature and peers through nature-based activities. Young Children, 70(5),School gardens enhance academic performance and dietary outcomes in children
Garden-based learning can positively impact academic performance and promote fruit and vegetable consumption
Berezowitz, C.K., Yoder, A.B.B., Scholler, D.A., (2015). School gardens enhance academic performance and dietary outcomes in children. Journal of School Health, 85(8),Where are youth active? Roles of proximity, active transport, and built environment
Being able to bike/walk to community recreation sites is an important determinant of how frequently they are used
Grow, H. M., Saelens, B. E., Kerr, J., Durant, N. H., Norman, G. J., Sallis, J. F., (2008). Where are youth active? Roles of proximity, active transport, and built environment. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 40(12),Physical education, school physical activity, school sports and academic performance
Allocating time to physical activity in school does not negatively impact academic achievement
Trudeau, F.,, Shephard, R. J., (2008). Physical education, school physical activity, school sports and academic performance. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 5(10)Outdoor education and science achievement
Outdoor learning experiences can promote science content knowledge and positive environmental attitudes
Rios, J.M., Brewer, J., (2014). Outdoor education and science achievement. Applied Environmental Education & Communication, 13(4),Adolescents' perspectives of home, school and neighborhood environmental influences on physical activity and dietary behaviors
Adolescents' local environments influence their physical activity and food consumption
Tucker, P., Irwin, J. D., Gilliland, J., He, M., (2008). Adolescents' perspectives of home, school and neighborhood environmental influences on physical activity and dietary behaviors. Children, Youth and Environments, 18(2),The role of greenery for physical activity play at school grounds
Greenery on schoolyards make them more attractive to children, as long as the green areas also support varied play activities
Martensson, F., Jansson, M., Johansson, M., Raustorp, A., Kylin, M., Boldemann, C., (2014). The role of greenery for physical activity play at school grounds. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 13,City living and urban upbringing affect neural social stress processing in humans
Urban and rural brains respond differently to stress
Lederbogen, F., Kirsch, P., Haddad, L., Streit, F, Tost, H., Schuch, P., Wust, S., Pruessner, J.C., Rietschel, M., Deuschle, M., Meyer-Lindenberg, A., (2011). City living and urban upbringing affect neural social stress processing in humans. Nature, 474,Grounds for health: The intersection of green school grounds and health-promoting schools
Green school grounds promote the holistic development and health of children
Bell, A.C., Dyment, J.E., (2008). Grounds for health: The intersection of green school grounds and health-promoting schools. Environmental Education Research, 14(1),Long-term educational programs in nature parks: Characteristics, outcomes and challenges
Long-term nature-based educational programs achieve student satisfaction and conservation awareness despite little tie to curriculum
Morag, O., Tal, T., Rotem-Keren, T., (2013). Long-term educational programs in nature parks: Characteristics, outcomes and challenges. International Journal of Environmental & Science Education, 8(3),Preschool outdoor play environment may combine promotion of children's physical activity and sun protection. Further evidence from Southern Sweden and North Carolina
Green playgrounds promote both physical activity and sun protective behavior in young children
Boldemann, C., Dal, H., Martensson, F., Cosco, N., Moore, R., Bierber, B., Blennow, M., Pagels, P., Raustorp, A., Wester, U., Soderstrom, M., (2011). Preschool outdoor play environment may combine promotion of children's physical activity and sun protection. Further evidence from Southern Sweden and North Carolina. Science & Sports, 26(2),Growing up green: Becoming an agent of care for the natural world
Motivation, efficacy and knowledge predict children's development of concern for the natural world
Chawla, L., (2009). Growing up green: Becoming an agent of care for the natural world. Journal of Developmental Processes, 4(1),Influence of schoolyard renovations on children's physical activity: The Learning Landscapes program
Adding green elements to a schoolyard prompts more physical activity
Brink, L.A., Nigg, C.R., Lampe, S.M.R., Kingston, B.A., Mootz, A.L., van Vliet, W., (2010). Influence of schoolyard renovations on children's physical activity: The Learning Landscapes program. American Journal of Public Health, 100(9),Individual, social and physical environmental correlates of children's active free-play: A cross-sectional study
The neighborhood environment influences children's active free-play outdoors
Veitch, J., Salmon, J., Ball, K., (2010). Individual, social and physical environmental correlates of children's active free-play: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 7(11)Physical activity levels of children living in different built environments
Suburban children have higher physical activity levels than urban and rural children
Sandercock, G, Angus, C., Barton, J., (2010). Physical activity levels of children living in different built environments. Preventive Medicine, 50(4),A comparative study of active play on differently designed playgrounds
A naturally-constructed playground yields longer play episodes than a more traditional playground
Luchs, A., Fikus, M., (2013). A comparative study of active play on differently designed playgrounds. Journal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Learning, 13(3),Social justice in outdoor experiential education: A state of knowledge review
Outdoor experiential education is challenged to address issues of social justice
Warren, K., Roberts, N., Breunig, M., Alvarez, M. A. G., (2014). Social justice in outdoor experiential education: A state of knowledge review. Journal of Experiential Education, 37(1),Quantitative methods of measuring reformative components in urban public parks
Technology allows for a more nuanced approach to public green space design
Nordh, H., (2012). Quantitative methods of measuring reformative components in urban public parks. Journal of Landscape Architecture, 7(1),Does playground improvement increase physical activity among children? A quasi-experimental study of a natural experiment
Impact of playground design changes on usage and physical activity may depend on gender, parent perceptions and play affordances
Bohn-Goldbaum, E. E., Phongsavan, P., Merom, D., Rogers, K., Kamalesh, V., Bauman, A., (2013). Does playground improvement increase physical activity among children? A quasi-experimental study of a natural experiment. Journal of Environmental and Public Health,Creating an early childhood nature-based play space—A success story
Adult learning theories explain childcare center director's motivation to act on schoolyard greening professional development
Munroe, E., (2013). Creating an early childhood nature-based play space—A success story. LEARNing Landscapes, 7(1),Participatory landscape design Detroit: A tool for environmental education and action
Student leadership in school yard revitalization is tied to increased student knowledge, perceived efficacy and positive design outcomes
Bartlett, M., (2014). Participatory landscape design Detroit: A tool for environmental education and action. Michigan Journal of Sustainability, 2,Association between residential greenness and birth weight: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Across eight studies, greenness near mothers’ homes is associated, though weakly, with birth outcomes
Dzhambov, A. M., Dimitrova, D. D., Dimitrakova, E. D., (2014). Association between residential greenness and birth weight: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 13(4),The beach as a setting for families’ health promotion: A qualitative study with parents and children living in coastal regions in Southwest England
Trips to beaches encourage physical activity in children
Ashbullby, K. J., Pahl, S., Webley, P., White, M. P., (2013). The beach as a setting for families’ health promotion: A qualitative study with parents and children living in coastal regions in Southwest England. Health & Place, 23,What can global positioning systems tell us about the contribution of different types of urban greenspace to children’s physical activity?
Time spent in green spaces is an important contributor to overall physical activity in children
Lachowycz, K., Jones, A. P., Page, A. S., Wheeler, B. W., Cooper, A. R., (2012). What can global positioning systems tell us about the contribution of different types of urban greenspace to children’s physical activity?. Health & Place, 18,A cross-sectional analysis of the effects of residential greenness on blood pressure in 10-year old children: Results from the GINIplus and LISAplus studies
Neighborhood greenness is associated with blood pressure in children
Markevych, I., Thiering, E., Fuertes, E., Sugiri, D., Berdel, D., Koletzko, S., von Berg, A., Bauer, C., Heinrich, J., (2014). A cross-sectional analysis of the effects of residential greenness on blood pressure in 10-year old children: Results from the GINIplus and LISAplus studies. BioMed Central Public Health, 14,The role of urban neighborhood green space in children’s emotional and behavioral resilience
Access to nearby green space can have a positive effect on low-income urban children's social and behavioral development
Flouri, E., Midouhas, E., Joshi, H., (2014). The role of urban neighborhood green space in children’s emotional and behavioral resilience. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 40,Experiencing nature in children’s summer camps: Affective, cognitive and behavioral consequences
Nature exposure, more so than environmental education, influences pro-environmental attitudes and behavioral intentions of summer campers
Collado, S., Staats, H., Corraliza, J. A., (2013). Experiencing nature in children’s summer camps: Affective, cognitive and behavioral consequences. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 33,How contact with nature affects children’s biophilia, biophobia and conservation attitude in China
Experience enhances children's positive attitudes toward nature and its conservation
Zhang, W., Goodale, E., Chen, J., (2014). How contact with nature affects children’s biophilia, biophobia and conservation attitude in China. Biological Conservation, 177,The architecture of children’s relationships with nature: A phenomenographic investigation seen through drawings and written narratives of elementary students
Elementary school children self-report evolving strong positive connections with nature
Kalvaitis, D., Monhardt, R., (2012). The architecture of children’s relationships with nature: A phenomenographic investigation seen through drawings and written narratives of elementary students. Environmental Education Research, 18(2),Calm, active and focused: Children’s responses to an organic outdoor learning environment
Play in natural schoolyard is associated with increased physical activity, calm and focused play, and social interaction
Nedovic, S., Morrissey, A., (2013). Calm, active and focused: Children’s responses to an organic outdoor learning environment. Learning Environments Research, 16(2),Garden-based learning: An experience with “at risk” secondary education students
Garden-based learning associated with improved academic performance and teacher-observed self-confidence and self-esteem in at-risk students
Ruiz-Gallardo, J., Verde, A., Valdes, A., (2013). Garden-based learning: An experience with “at risk” secondary education students. The Journal of Environmental Education, 44(4),Impact of residential greenness on preschool children's emotional and behavioral problems
Proximity to city parks is associated with decreased hyperactivity and conduct problems in some young children
Balseviciene, B., Sinkariova, L., Grazuleviciene, R., Andrusaityte, S., Uzdanaviciute, I., Dedele, A., Nieuwenhuijsen, M., (2014). Impact of residential greenness on preschool children's emotional and behavioral problems. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 11(7),Linking student performance in Massachusetts elementary schools with the "greenness" of school surroundings using remote sensing
Exposure to greenness surrounding schools benefits student academic achievement in both Math and English
Wu, C-D., McNeely, E., Cedeño-Laurent, J. G., Pan, W-C., Adamkiewicz, G., Dominici, F., Candice Lung, S-C., Su, H-J., Spengler, J. D., (2014). Linking student performance in Massachusetts elementary schools with the "greenness" of school surroundings using remote sensing. PLOS ONE, 9(10)Children’s restorative experiences and self-reported environmental behaviors
Children's perceived restoration from nature influences their care and concern for the natural world
Collado, S., Corraliza, J. A., (2013). Children’s restorative experiences and self-reported environmental behaviors. Environment and Behavior, 47(1),MADE POSSIBLE WITH SUPPORT FROM:
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